Anatomy & Botulinum Toxin Injections

Name: Anatomy &amp; Botulinum Toxin Injections
SKU: 9782953617993
Price: 240.00 EUR
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Anatomy & botulinum toxin injections, a practical guide by experts for specialists desiring to enhance their knowledge and expertise for aesthetic practices

2ND EDITION

AUTHOR:

FABIO INGALLINA, MD
BERNARD POULAIN
PATRICK TRÉVIDIC, MD

PAGES 301

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ISBN: 9782953617993 Categories: Aesthetic Medicine-, Anatomy Tags: Anatomy, anatomy book, Anatomy Cadavers book, anatomy expert2expert, Best anatomy book, best anatomy books, Best cadavers book, Best filler book, Best filler complication book, Bestseller anatomy, Botox book, botox complication, Botulinum Toxin, e2e, E2e Books, E2e Videos, expert to expert book, expert2expert, expert2expert books, expert2expert Fillers complication, expert2expert master collection, expert2expert Mcv11, expert2expert mcv2, expert2expert mcv3, expert2expert mcv4, expert2expert mcv5, expert2expert medical publishing, expert2expert.co.uk, FABIO INGALLINA, Fabio ingallina book, face anatomy book, injectables, injection anatomy, Injections anatomy book, MD BERNARD POULAIN PATRICK TRÉVIDIC, MD FABIO INGALLINA, MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY, PATRICK TRÉVIDIC, PATRICK TRÉVIDIC books, PATRICK TRÉVIDIC E2e books, PATRICK TRÉVIDIC videos

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About the Authors: FABIO INGALLINA, MD BERNARD POULAIN , PATRICK TRÉVIDIC, MD

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About the Authors: FABIO INGALLINA, MD BERNARD POULAIN , PATRICK TRÉVIDIC, MD

Dr Fabio Ingallina, plastic, reconstructive and aesthetic surgeon, Italy

Poulain Bernard, Researcher at the C.N.R.S

Bernard Poulain, PhD, is born in 1958 at Avallon (France). He is a former fellow of University Pierre-and-Marie-Curie in Paris and has prepared his PhD (same university) under the supervision of Ladislav Tauc, in the Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology in Gif-sur-Yvette, near Paris. He has been tenured at CNRS in 1988. He has been head of the CNRS unit “Neurotransmission and Neuroendocrine secretion in Strasbourg. Since 2009, he acts as deputy scientific director of the national institute for biological sciences of CNRS (Paris), in charge of research in Neuroscience and Cognition at CNRS and he is chair of Neuropôle de Strasbourg.

Bernard Poulain -after defending his thesis (1986) on the regulation of cholinergic neurotransmission in the sea mollusca Aplysia- has been deeply involved in studies aimed at deciphering the molecular mechanisms of botulinum and tetanus toxins. During a series of long term collaborations with Pr J.O. Dolly, in London, Pr. E. Habermann, in Giessen, Pr. C. Montecucco in Padova, and Pr. H. Niemann, in Tübingen, he demonstrated that botulinum neurotoxins A, B and E act intracellularly, participated to the deciphering of the structure-function relationship in botulinum and tetanus neurotoxin constitutive chains, and intracellular mechanism of action of their light-chain. After 2000, with his laboratory, he also studied the mechanisms by which other bacterial protein toxins can effect on neural cells. Notably, in collaboration with MR Popoff, Institut Pasteur, Paris, he demonstrated that lethal toxin from Clostridium sordellii blocks neurotransmitter release as potently as botulinum toxin and, more recently, that Epsilon toxin from C. perfringens attacks both neurons and oligodendrocytes, thereby causing demyelination. In parallel to these studies, since 1995, he and his lab addressed some basic aspects of synaptic quantal transmission, mainly focusing on functional presynaptic plasticity mechanisms. He has authored more than 125 scientific publications in peer reviewed journals and books.

Trévidic Patrick, MD

Dr Trévidic has been an intern of the Hôpitaux de Paris”. He is a former clinic leader assisting at the Paris Faculty. Hospital practitioner and Surgeon at the “hôpitaux de Paris”. Today he is, amongst his other activities, the Head of the reconstructive department at the hôpitaux de Paris.

He is one of the renowned surgeons registered at the “Conseil National de l’Ordre des Médecins”.

He is a plastic, reconstructive and aesthetic Surgeon, also qualified in maxillofacial surgery.

He is an active speaker in most International Prestigious Aesthetic Congresses. He has been writing numerous articles for various scientific journals and magazines in the United States and in Europe.

He teaches in both French and English medical and surgical schools. He is also a professor in the context of surgical university degrees.

He is the scientific director of Expert2expert , a group of renowned international experts in the Aesthetic field.

Dr Patrick Trevidic presents the new edition and extensive update of our best-selling title: Anatomy & Botulinum toxin injections.

Anatomy & botulinum toxin injections: key features, new chapter, important new concepts, 3 new muscles, new on DVD

We are proud after seven years, and an extensive update to release the new edition of our best selling title on Anatomy & Botulinum toxin injections. Key features: for each muscle, starting with profile, origin, connections, followed by action and innervation, and concluding with topographic illustrations, this user friendly format builds on your understanding of injectable facial anatomy. Side-by-side images with explanatory text and anatomical drawings with concise labelling and expanded descriptive captions makes this book an ideal study companion that highlights and explain key concepts.

At Expert 2 Expert, we aim to bridge the gap between medical research and practice.

For this very special second edition we are honoured and proud to introduce an entire chapter devoted to the botulinum toxin molecular aspects, formulations, and pharmacodynamics, plus potential future developments. Professor Bernard Poulain, Research Director at the National Centre for Scientific Research at the Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurobiology summarises what is currently known about the botulinum toxin that will help practitioners to use it with the most practical and safest methods. At the end of this extensive chapter, Annexe 1 and Annexe 2 will help you apply the highly scientific content into real-life practice.

In this second edition we have featured a number of new concepts.

Special attention is paid to 3D muscles such as the corrugator supercilii, procerus, levator labii superioris alaeque nasi, depressor anguli oris, mentalis with an in depth origin and a superficial skin insertion. This will help you insert the inferior and superior injections points in the most appropriate plane. The importance of understanding regional muscular balance cannot be overemphasized. New and future injectors will appreciate descriptions of the upper face internal and external muscular balances in the textbook and 3D animations in the DVD that clearly demonstrate the antagonist and synergist muscle activities. It is important to correlate the number of injected units to the volume of the treated muscle to obtain an optimal aesthetic result. For example, do you know that volume of the platysma is 5 times bigger than that of the corrugator?

3 new muscles: nasalis, depressor septi nasi & masseter muscles.

In this edition, you will find information on three new muscles that are equally important to understand and consider when deciding on a treatment strategy. For example, the botulinum toxin treatment of the nasalis muscle decreases the dilated aspect of the nostril, whereas treating the depressor septi nasi enhances the nasal tip projection and improves the relationship between the nasal tip and the upper lip. The anatomical keys relating to the masseter muscle will help you when treating our Asian patients who frequently seek an aesthetic alteration of hypertrophic masseter to reduce a prominent mandibular angle.

A 40-min-DVD is a valuable tool for studying, memorising, and reviewing the most important concepts in facial anatomy and modern injection strategies.

As patients do not come in our offices with an anatomical map on full view, our main goal is to make our anatomical descriptions useful in a real-life practice. For this reason, we have introduced an “Exquisite Trio”, incorporating the anatomical view on a cadaver, paired with a drawing of the muscle, and finally the clinical case. This triple demonstration will facilitate a clinical approach when analysing our patients.

Patrick Trevidic, MD

Forewords

ANATOMY & BOTULINUM TOXIN INJECTIONS

In order to get the best results possible while minimizing any undesirable after effects, the physician must have a keen knowledge not only of anatomy, but also the dynamic of all muscles in play.

Knowledge of anatomy for botulinum toxin is developed in our atlas-like format.

Our expansive experience in cadaver dissection allowed us to create a book in which a surgical approach to the anatomy of facial muscles is combined with an analytical evaluation of the effects on expression wrinkles, produced as a result of muscle contraction. In order for the reader to get the most out of this book, we chose an atlas-like format, one which gave us the possibility to insert full page image accompanied by concise, easy to follow descriptions of the relevant muscles.

Our aim is to take the readers on a journey, starting from an anatomical base, then on to an aesthetic analysis of the targeted areas, and finally reaching the injection sites on their appropriate techniques.

The anatomical structures are clearly detailed.

The contents are clear, comprehensive and easy to use. Each chapter is dedicated to detailing one given muscle: the full muscle profile, progressive dissections showing the targeted muscle, connections with the more important anatomical structure of the region, the correlation with its external clinical elements on the skin which allow us to better find the origin and injection points, the innervation, and the motor endplates localization, and finally the injection techniques and doses. The enclosed DVD allows the reader to see the reconstruction of the head and its facial muscles in 3D and the full dissection on cadavers of the targeted muscles with the injection points clearly indicated. My hope is that experienced surgeons and young colleagues alike will appreciate and value this book. I also hope that like me they will find that serious, detailed studies about facial anatomy as well as understanding of facial muscles dynamics will aid in improving their techniques.

Fabio M Ingallina, MD

Chapter 1: Botulinum toxin & pharmaco dynamics

This book chapter reviews the state of art on botulinum toxin mechanisms.

Thirty years ago, Alan Scott pioneered a new field of medicine: the use of Botulinum toxin in therapy. For over 30 years, an incredible number of new indications have been assessed, then approved or rejected. The use of botulinum toxin for aesthetic purpose, pioneered by Carruthers and Carruthers in 1992, has been another breakthrough in botulino-therapy. Let us come back to the seminal work of Alan Scott: genious intuition and solid knowledge of state of art basic science. Indeed, without knowing that botulinum toxin do not cross the blood brain barrier and acts in the periphery, that botulinum toxin causes muscle paralysis and secretory gland drying by preventing acetylcholine release, in a very long lasting manner, he would had not envisioned a possible use of botulinum toxin in therapy.

Molecular and cellular mechanisms involved

During the last three decades, our basic knowledge on botulinum toxin has been greatly improved. Most importantly, the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in botulinum toxin action have been entirely deciphered. Indeed, it has been established that (i) neurotoxin separate from complexing proteins at physiological pH in less than one minute, (ii) only the neurotoxin (150 kDa) is neuroactive and the complexing proteins do not participate in the therapeutic effects, (iii) specific receptors for botulinum neurotoxins have been identified onto nerve endings explaining why botulinum neurotoxin is so effective on certain nerve terminals, (iv) it is internalized in nerve endings and intracellular targets of the various botulinum toxin types have been identified. This book chapter reviews the state of art on botulinum toxin mechanisms.

Pharmaco dynamics of the toxin

Since thirty years, a lot of issues have been resolved, at least in part. This is the case of (i) the factors that participates to myorelaxation: blockage of acetylcholine and muscle fibres atrophy; (ii) what determines the life-span of botulinum neurotoxin in the extracellular space and inside nerve endings, (iii) why its action can prolong for months, (iv) what influences its diffusion/dissemination when in muscles or glands (i.e. what determines the field of effect) and the circulating fluids (source of undesired effects). Knowing all these basic science aspects is essential for any-body who wants using botulinum neurotoxin in a rational manner, in the daily practice or with in mind developing new indications. Therefore, a large part of this book chapter is aimed at reviewing what may favour higher, longer, and safer efficacy.

Understanding the different types of botulinum neurotoxin

During the past three decades, new commercial botulinum toxin products differing by their formulation, system of units, presence of excipients as Human Serum Albulmin, have appeared on the market. This book chapter and Annexe II is also aimed at helping you to decode the information mentioned in the manufacturers’ data sheets and packaging (type of botulinum toxin; manufacturer name: OnabotulinumtoxinA, IncobotulinumtoxinA, AbobotulinumtoxinA; RimabotulinumtoxinB; what stands behind the mention of amount by weight of toxin or neurotoxin, what is behind the mention of units on packaging; why units are manufacturer specific and not interconvertible; how the different relative human serum albumin content in the commercial products can impact on the quantity of botulinum neurotoxin that can be taken from vials in the clinic…

To summarize, this chapter 1 and ensuing Annexes summarise what is currently known about botulinum toxin with the hope of helping practitioners to use it in the most rational way possible, and to anticipate future development. It is also aimed at answering some of the most frequent questions that may rise in the context of daily clinic practice.

Research Professor Bernard Poulain, Institute of Cellular and integrative Neuroscience, CNRS

Chapter 2: Facial muscles and botulinum toxin injections

Each section of this chapter is dedicated to detailing one given facial muscle.

In this dense chapter of our best seller, Anatomy & Botulinum toxin injections, each muscle has a dedicated section. It is divided in 3 parts: the first one, Muscle profile, and the second, Injection technique and the last one : Key elements.

The Muscle profile section begins with the definition, and is followed with the origin, insertion, connections, innervation, action, and wrinkles of each muscle. The text is accompanied by clear anatomical view and schema.

It is then followed by the injection technique section where you will find injection point number, sites, plane, effect.

The text is accompanied by clear anatomical view locating injection points, clinical cases.

In the key elements section, all important information are available at a glance on just one page on a very clear lay-out.

In this edition about facial muscles, special attention is paid to 3 D muscles.

It also features 3 new muscles: nasalis, depressor septi nasi and masseter muscles.

In this chapter, you will find the following muscles: Frontalis – Corrugator supercilii – Procerus – Depressor Supercilii – Orbicularis Oculi – Nasalis – Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi – Depressor septi nasi – Orbicularis oris – Depressor anguli oris – Mentalis – Masseter- Platysma

Chapter 3: Key points, do's & don'ts

This chapter is filled with useful tips for botulinum toxin injections from our Experts.

A practical summary to improve your results when injecting botulinum toxin.

This chapter is very practical and useful for botulinum toxin injections.

It begins with useful tips on syringes and needles.

The right equipment is very important as it can save wasting botulinum toxin. Using the right needle makes the injection less painful for the patient. Selecting the right needle for your injections decreases the risk of touching a vessel or a nerve. There are many more essential information on syringes and needles in this part.